At a glance: a single dose of rifampicin given to contacts of patients with newly diagnosed leprosy is effective at preventing the development of clinical leprosy at two years.

At a glance: children with epistaxis are more likely to have nasal colonization with S. aureus, which may cause inflammation, crusting and new vessel formation.

At a glance: a simple broth microdilution using erythromycin-clindamycin combination wells correlates well with the D-zone test for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in staphylococci.

At a glance: in this study, there was a significant correlation between increased Caspofungin useage and increased incidence of Candida parapsilosis candidaemia.

At a glance: this study finds that IFN gamma is a useful and well tolerated adjuvant therapy in patients with pulmonary atypical Mycobacteriosis.

At a glance: this report highlights that a significant number of HEV infections are indigenous; the incidence is increasing particularly in white males over 55 yrs of age who have no travel history.

At a glance: in over two thirds of cases there is sharing of E. coli strains between family members and pets, leading to possibly new ways of interrupting recurrent urinary infections.

At a glance: measuring voriconazole levels allows patients with low levels to be identified and have dosages adjusted, with complete resolution of symptoms. Toxic side effects are also more common in patients with high levels.

At a glance: there has been an absolute increase in invasive pneumococcal disease in Spain caused by strains not covered by the vaccine.

At a glance: vaccine failure after Hib vaccination is a result of low avidity antibody to the haemophilus polysaccharide capsule.

At a glance: MRSA strains with vancomycin MICs >1mg/L in patients who have been given empirical vancomycin have mortality outcomes similar to those patients who were treated with antibiotics that had no anti-staphylococcal activity.